How to avoid bear attack ??

  To prevent bear attack, effective strategy :

1.  Make loud noise 

2.  Eliminate food odours 

3.  Stay alert

4.  Hike in groups

5.  Secure scented items

6.  Do not run

7.  Talk to bear in low, calm voice   !!!

8.  Back away slowly.

Does turning OFF the headlights of the car, save the fuel ???

Technically      YES   !!!

Headlights draw electricity from the battery, which is recharged by the alternator.

Alternator is powered by engine which runs using fuel  !!!!

But the amount of fuel saved is very small....

Its better to use LEDs instead of halogens for headlights.

LED bulbs use incredibly low power.  Turning these OFF virtually saves zero fuel.

More importantly,

KEEP THE HEADLIGHTS ON FOR SAFETY THAN FUEL SAVING    !!!!

Godzilla El Nino

 Godzilla El Nino is an informal term used by climate scientists to describe a ' super ' or exceptionally powerful El Nino event marked by extreme warming in tropical Pacific ocean.

Why is it called GODZILLA ??

It has got the name because of   ----

1.  Extreme ocean warming 

2.  Amplified heat release 

This messes with global weather.

It brings heavy rains and flood in Peru /Ecuador 

Brings drought in Australia and South Eastern Asia 

Wider storms worldwide 

Why do humans get dizzy ??

 Dizziness happens when brain gets confused signals about where the body is  !!!

It also happens when body is not getting enough oxygen or blood.

1.   When balance system gets mixed signals 

                    We have fluid filled canals inside ear which tells the brain whether the head is rotating or not.

                    Eyes track where the horizon is and what is moving around.

                    Nerves in muscles and joints tell whether body is sitting, leaning or standing.

When these 3 disagree with each other, we get dizziness  !!!

 Example  :  Reading in moving car .

Let's see what happens.   

        

Eyes say, We are stationary.

Inner ear  :  We are turning and accelerating   !!!

Body muscles   :  We feel the motion 

Brain  :  ERROR   !!!!

Other reasons are   ----

1.  Blood flow drops to brain 

2.  Direct hit to inner ear /  brain 

3.  Anxiety and fatigue 

Most dizziness is brief and harmless......

It is worth checking if  dizziness is frequent, comes with hearing loss, severe headache or fainting.

World of ants

  Ants are abundant everywhere 

                     There are 20 quadrillion ants in the world !!!

We can practically found them everywhere.

Ants are abundant in Australia 

                    With almost 5000 ant species, tropical Australia is one of the ant rich locations of the world  !!!

Ant colonies are very well organized 

                   Ants work as a group without leaders.

Ants communicate via pheromone trails.

Ants enter home in search of food and water.

Ants are skilled climbers.

Ants can be prevented by using insecticides.

Why road trip feel shorter on the way back ???

 We often feel trip was shorter when coming back.  Here are the reasons ----

1.   Familiarity of the route

                   When we are heading bavk,  our brain already knows the turns, roads and landmarks.  

                    Now our mind is not  as alert to every detail, journey feels smoother and quicker..

2.  Less mental anticipation 

3.  Relaxed mindset

4.  Psychological trickery 

                     This phenomenon is quirk of human perception.  Our brain naturally compress time when revisiting familiar places.

                      What felt long and exhausting on the way, suddenly seems effortless on way back  !!!!

Poison of these animals is stronger than cyanide !!!

  Some creatures in animal kingdom don't need fangs or claws to be dangerous.  They carry something more dangerous.

Toxins so powerful they can kill with a tiny dose  !!!

Such animals are   ----

1.  Golden poison frog

2.  Blue ringed octopus 

3.  Puffer fish

4.  Cone  snail

5.  Box jellyfish 

6.  Brazilian wandering spider 

7.  Deathstalker scorpion 

8.  Stonefish 

Which acid is known as " King of chemicals " ??

 Sulphuric acid (  H2SO4   ) stands out as the most essential and widely used chemical in the world.

Sulphuric acid is the strong mineral acid, highly corrosive, dense and oily in texture.

It is colourless, soluble in water and is known for its strong dehydrating and oxidising properties.

Major properties that make sulphuric acid so important   ------

1.   Strong acidic nature, reacts with both acids and bases.

2.  Powerful dehydrating agent.

3.  Good oxidising agent especially in high temperature.

4.  High reactivity.

Applications of sulphuric acid  -------

1.  Agriculture and fertilizers.

2. Petroleum refining 

3.  Mining and metallurgy 

4.   Pharmaceuticals 

5.  Manufacturing of detergents, plastics and dyes 

6.  Automobiles 

Best citizenship in every world region

  Here is the best passport in each of world's seven major regions   ---

1.  Asia ,  Singapore 

2.  Europe ,  Ireland 

3.  Latin America and Caribbean ,  Chile 

4.  North America,  Canada 

5.   Middle East and North Africa ,  United Arab Emirates 

6.  Africa ,  Mauritius 

7.  Oceania and the Pacific ,  New Zealand 

Which country was the protectorate ??

 This question was asked on Koun Banega Karodpati program.

Question 

Which country besides  France had a protectorate in Morocco ??

1.  Switzerland 

2.  Russia 

3.  Denmark 

4.  Spain

Answer 

Before answering this question, we will understand what is protectorate  ??!!

Protectorate is a state or territory that is under the  protection and control of a more powerful country.

In this case, powerful country is Britain.

Protectorate was Spain   !!!

Protecting power mainly handles defense and foreign affairs.

Protectorate manages internal affairs.

Britain was most powerful naval force at that time and was deeply concerned about control of strait of Gibraltar.

They did not want  France to control Moroccan coast. Spain was seen as a " weaker power " that would not pose a threat to Britain.

So, answer      SPAIN       !!!!

Bheja Fry question

  This Bheja Fry question I came across when searching Internet.

Question 

If        1111  =  R

          2222   =   T

          3333     =   E

Then       4444    =   ???

Answer 

  

I didn't know the answer  !!!

Some reader used his brain and solved the puzzle.

After looking at solution, I thought it was easy.

Let's have a look at    1111.

When we add all the digits, 

            1 + 1  +  1  +  1   =  4  =  fou  '  R  '

Now   2  +  2  +  2  +  2  =  8 =  eigh    '  T   '

Now  3 + 3 + 3  +  3  =  12  =   twelv   '   E   '

Finally,    4  +  4  +  4  +  4  =   sixtee      '   N   '    !!!!!

Why animals in cold climates are comparatively bigger ??

  We must have noticed animals found in polar regions are comparatively larger to their southern counterparts.

There is a scientific reason for this.

It is BERGMANN'S RULE 

It States that " warm blooded animals in colder climate tend to be larger than those in warmer climates "  

It is the simple allometric relationship between body size and surface area.

Larger animals have proportionately smaller surface area compared to smaller amimals.

Because all warm blooded animals lose their internal heat generated by their metabolism to their environment through their body surface.

Larger bodied animals lose their heat at a lower rate compared to smaller body animals .......

Hence, animals in colder regions have larger body so that they can conserve energy for a long time   !!!!

Most advanced countries in the world

  This list has been prepared by taking into consideration these facts   ----

1.  Share of population with internet access 

2.  Share of population with 4G access 

3.  Research and development spending 

Such countries are   ----

1.   South Korea 

2.  United States 

3.  Taiwan 

4.   Denmark 

5.  Switzerland 

6.   Israel 

7.  Finland 

8.   Netherlands 

9.  Sweden 

10.   Norway 

11.  Singapore 

12.  United Kingdom 

How long a train move after applying breaks ???

 When we are riding a bike or a car, it will come to a halt after moving a little distance. Suddenly it will not stop   !!! 

Approximately 50 to 60 meters, vehicle travels after applying break. 

How much time will a train take to completely stop   ??? 

The distance taken by a train to come to stand still depends on ----

1.  It's speed

2.  Capacity of breaks

3.  Condition of railway track

Usually a train will come to halt after travelling 800 to 1200 meters. 

The time taken and the distance covered to come to stand still position depends on its speed. 

More speed the train travels,more time it needs to stop. 

Not only this, it will cover more distance before coming to stop. 

Capacity of breaking system as well as type of terrain on which it is moving also matters   !!! 

Differentiating between centipedes and millipedes

  Though both centipede and millipedes are anthropods with segmented body and jointed legs, their form  diet and environmental roles are quite different.

1.   Centipedes have flatter bodies with segments that each bear a pair of legs.

       Millipedes have cylindrical body with each segment bearing two pairs of legs.

2.  Centipedes are carnivorous.  They hunt  insects, spiders and small cockroaches.

       Millipedes are detritivores,  feeding on decaying plant material , microbial decomposition.

3.  Centipedes are often seen indoors.  They prefer humid environments like bathrooms and pavements.

        Millipedes are often seen outdoors.  They thrive in moist habitable rich in organic matter.

4.  When threatened, centipedes may bite.  Though their venom is not lethal to humans, it feel like bee sting.

       When threatened, lacking venom, millipedes  roll into tight coils.

Why do humans have eyebrows ??

 Humans have eyebrows for  ===

1.  Protecting our vision from physical irritants 

2.  As a tool for social communication 

The arched shape and outward direction of eyebrow hair keeps sweat and rain away from eyes. 

They help catch dust and dirt before it can fall into eyes.

They help to reduce the glare from bright light.

Eyebrows are critical to identify people.

Eyebrows allow us to signal complex emotions such as skepticism, sympathy and surprise.

Why atta dough turn black in refrigerator during summer ??

  It is very common practice to knead dough in advance to save time and energy.

This extra dough is generally stored in refrigerator. Over time, it turns black or grey.

It happens in summer.  WHY   ??

The primary reason behind this discoloration is  oxidation.

When we knead the wheat flour with water, it is exposed to air and oxygen reacts with compounds in flour, leading to darker colour.

The enzymes present in wheat flour, remain active even in cooler temperature of refrigerator. They continue to react over time.

Fermentation is also a reason for discoloration.. 

During summer,  dough begin to ferment even though it is refrigerated  !!!

It causes a mild sour smell along with darker appearance.  

SO HOW TO STORE  ???

Always apply a thin layer of oil over the dough.

Refrigerating in small portions immediately after kneading is a smart trick to avoid spoilage.

Which is the largest bridge in the world ??

 The Danyong - Kunshan grand bridge in China is the largest bridge in the world.

It is 164.8 km long.

The bridge was made to connect cities.

It goes over fields, rivers, lakes and small towns.

It is built to survive storms, floods and even earthquakes !!!

It is part of a train line.

Why lizards are afraid of peacock feathers ??

  It is often advised to place peacock feathers to get rid of lizards in the house.

But why lizards flee by seeing peacock feathers  ??

The crucial element behind the aversion shown by the lizards is the existence of eye spots o peacock feathers   !!!

The spots take the form of a larger animal and provide the visual illusion that the nearby predator is peering at the lizard.

Since the lizards belong to reptilian category and take the visual cues from the spots on peacock feathers for granted as a threat.

That's why they flee upon spotting the feathers  !!!

This fleeing behaviour is a form of survival strategy......