Windiest places in the world

 Wind is invisible yet its strength is unmistakable be it a gentle breeze or tropical storm.

Around the world, powerful winds remind us that powerful nature is the dominant force.

These are the places with strongest winds -----

1. Baku , Azerbaijan 

2. Barrow island , Australia 

3. Cape Blanco , Oregon 

4. Cape Dennison , Commonwealth Bay , Antarctica 

5. The Cairngorm , Scotland 

6. Kirkwood Mountain , California 

7. Mount Everest 

8. Mount Washington , New Hampshire 

9. Patagonia , Argentina 

10. Wellington , New Zealand 

Why homemade frys are not crispy as restaurant ones ??

 Reason is  "  Restaurants almost always fry their potatoes twice at two entirely different temperatures   " !!!

To prepare FRENCH FRYS, we use raw potatoes.

Then,

 WATER , STARCH  AND HEAT CONTROL 

1.  Water is the enemy of crispiness 

                     Potatoes are 80% water. In restaurants,  they cut potatoes    soak then blanch them.

                     That removes surface starch and drives out moisture before frying. If we skip this, water streams inside the oil and we end up in soggy frys  !!!

2.  Starch management 

                      Restaurants often do DOUBLE FRY.

                      First fry at low temperature, cooks the inside of potato.  

                     After cooling, the second fry at high temperature, dehydrates the surface fast and makes it shatter crisp.

3.  Equipment and oil

                      In restaurants, they use deep fryers with massive oil volume and precise temperature control.

                      In home, it is difficult to maintain precise temperature and we END UP WITH SOGGY FRYS   !!!!

Why is Venus hotter than Mercury ??

  Planet Mercury is closest to Sun than planet Venus.

But, Venus is hotter than Mercury  !!!

This is because of 3 reasons   ----

1.  Venus has a super thick atmosphere 

                   Venus is wrapped in a very thick atmosphere.  Its 96% CO2 !!!

CO2 traps heat. Sunlight gets in but can't escape back out.

                   Mercury barely has an atmosphere. Heat just radiates back into space.

2.  Mercury swimgs widely, Venus doesn't 

                      Mercury has no air to spread the heat around.

                     Venus thick CO2 spreads heat everywhere. No cold nights.  Day and night both are hot.

3.  Venus has bright clouds that bounce 70% of sunlight away. So Venus gets less direct sunlight than Mercury !!!

But the heat which gets in, get trapped by CO2 and never leaves making Venus hottest planet in solar system.

Why ocean animals are big in size ??

 It comes down to physics, food and other limits.

1.  Water supports weight

                    On land , we have gravity.  An animal's skeleton and muscles have to hold it up 24*7 against gravity.

                      But in water, buoyancy cancels most of this out.

                      A blue whale weighs 200 tons, but in water it feels almost weightless   !!!

                       This allows sea animals to grow bigger without breaking their bones.

2.  More food, more space

                     In oceans, there is huge uninterrupted food chains. There is nothing to stop a predator from roaming to find it.

3.  Heat management is easier 

                      Big bodies heat up and cool down slowly. In water, heat dissipate faster .

                       So giant marine animals don't overheat  !!!

4.  Less predation pressure 

                        In open ocean, size itself is the best defense.  For big marine animals, there is nothing that can kill them !!!

Why salt and pepper are widely used to season food ???

  Salt and pepper are the standard foundation of seasoning.

They work together to chemically enhance anf physically transform the taste and aroma of food.

People often lump them together !!!!

But they serve completely different at molecular level.

 

CULINARY SCIENCE OF SALT

Salt is not technically a spice !!!

It is an essential mineral required for human survival. 

Salt enhances the flavor which are already present in the food.  Salt

1.  Suppessees bitterness 

2.  Amplifies sweetness.

3.  Salt draws out moisture from food.

4.  Salt softens the rigid cell wall of vegetables.

CULINARY SCIENCE OF PEPPER 

Unlike salt, black pepper is a spice that adds entirely new taste and sensation to dish.

Pepper gives   -----

1.  Layered flavour experience.

2.  It releases complex aromas.

The reason these two specific seasonings sit on dining table is largely due to French royal court cuisine which is the global standard for fine dining.

Which is the only country to cover all the food groups ???

 This is the only country that could feed its entire population healthy balanced diet.

It is fully self sufficient in all the food groups !!!

The 7 essential food groups are   ------

1.   Fruits 

2.  Vegetables 

3.  Grains 

4.  Legumes, nuts and seeds

5.  Dairy 

6.  Meat

7.  Fish

This country is the " global outlier ".

Reasons are abundant natural resources, low population density and strategic investment.

Country              GUYANA    !!!!

World's highest railway station

  Tangulla railway station at Tibet is the highest railway station in the world standing tall at 5068 meters above the sea level.

Tangulla railway station iw unlike any other  ..  Here there is no staff  and no passenger service  !!!

It exists as technical stop never meant for boarding or exit   !!!

No crowd, no noise only fresh breath of nature.

Passengers can not step into its platform.  

To ease the journey ,  oxygen is supplied within carriages.

Which one is better for eyes ?? Yellow or the white light ??

 Both light types feel normal   !!!

But they affect and comfort the eyes differently.

The right choice depends on what we are watching.

White light or daylight tone keeps the brain alert and improves concentration.

It is better for studying, working and reading.

 

Staring at bright white light for long hours can lead to headache, digital fatigue and dry eyes at night.

Yellow light feels gentler on eyes. It reduces strain and creates calm environment.

It helps brain to wind  down and supports better sleep.

SO WHICH IS BETTER  ??

Neither of colours are universally better !!!

It depends on use.

White light for focus and task.

Yellow light for comfort and rest  !!!

Bheja Fry Question

  Question 

A sleeper bus caught fire because of collision with container truck.  There were 31 passengers and 1 driver on the bus.

If the time for each passenger to get down is 30 secs, in how many minutes did the bus get engulfed in flames ??

​

​Answer 

We add the passengers and the driver together:

​Passengers: 31

​Driver: 1

​Total People : 31 + 1 = 32

​

If each person takes 30 seconds to exit, we multiply the total number of people by the time per person:

Time  =  32  ×    30  =  960 seconds. 

A minute has 60 seconds. 

==>>  Time  =  960/60 

==>>  Time  =  16  minutes

So it takes total  16 minutes to passengers to come out of the bus one by one   !!! 

Bus got engulfed in fire in nearly 16 minutes......

Vulture bees

 Vulture bees also known as carrion bees are stingless bees.

They are native to central and south America.

They DON'T FEED ON NECTAR AND POLLEN.

They feed on ROTTING MEAT  !!!!

They have  strong and powerful mandibles.

They have evolved an extra tooth, allowing them to efficiently tear off chunks of meat.

As they are stingless, they defend their colony by biting aggressors.

They often enter dead animals through eyes, nose or mouth to access the flesh.

The flesh they collect is consumed and then regurgitated upon return to the hive.

They produce an unique, protein rich substance from the processed meat which is known as MEAT HONEY  !!!

They also collect extra floral nectar.

Lesser known facts about horses

  Horses have many surprising and sensitive traits.

They are   -----

1.   Horses start walking soon after birth.

2.   Horse's digestion depends on continuos eating.  They eat little but steady grazing keeps their digestion healthy.

3. Horses remember everything, good or bad !!!

4.   Horses can see almost everything around them.

5.  Horses' body movements say more than sounds.

Metal that is liquid at room temperature

We typically associate metals with being solid, heavy and structurally rigid.

But there is an exception.

Metal that is liquid at room temperature is Mercury,  Hg known as quick silver.

The reason why mercury stays liquid whereas its counterparts like gold and thallium are solids lies in quantum mechanics.

In mercury atoms, electrons move at incredibly high speeds. This causes the electrons to gain mass and pull closer to nucleus.

Outermost electrons are moved so tightly towards the center that they do not bond easily with other mercury atoms.

Because of this, attraction between mercury atoms is so weak that in room temperature also, atoms will be sliding past one another resulting in liquid state.

Mercury don't flow like water though it is a liquid  !!!

It has extreme high surface tension causing it to form silver beads, we are familiar with.

World's most import dependant countries

  These are the countries  ----

1.   Hong Kong

2.  Luxembourg 

3.   San Marino

4.   Singapore 

5.  Djibouti 

6.   Nauru 

7.  Seychelles 

8.  Ireland 

9.  Kiribati 

10.  Malta

11.  Somalia 

12.  Lesotho 

13.   Cyprus 

14.   UAE 

Why sprinkle water before dosa ??

  There is a very practical scientific reason for that quick splash of water !!!

The primary goal is to lower the surface temperature of the tawa quickly.

If the pan is too hot, the batter will cook the moment it touches the surface.  This makes it impossible to spread the batter into a thin circle. Batter just stick  to pan.

The reason behind this is as the water evaporates, it absorbs a significant amount of heat  from the metal.  It brings the temperature to a point where the batter can glide smoothly before setting.

The water droplets instead of just evaporating instantly, they will be dancing and skittering across the pan !!!

This is Leiden Frost effect.

When a liquid hits a surface significantly hotter than its boiling point, a thin layer of vapour forms between the liquid and the surface.

This vapour layer acts as an insulator, allowing the droplets to hower   !!!

After sprinkling the water, it is  important to wipe it off. Otherwise dosa will steam and become soggy..... 

When batter is applied to pan, batter don't get attached to pan. Also it will help the batter to spread making dosa crispier in the edges and smoother in the middle  !!!

Tallest animals of different species in the world

  Here is the list of tallest animals in the world   ----

1.   African elephant,  tallest in elephants 

2.  Moose,  tallest deer

3.  Ostrich, tallest bird

4.  Whale shark, biggest fish

5.  Brown Bear , tallest bear

6.  Lion's mane jellyfish,  largest jellyfish 

7.  Saltwater crocodile, largest reptile 

8.  Giraffe , tallest land animal 

9.  Blue whale , largest animal ever 

Why do human new born babies have more bones than adults ??

Many of the new born babies " bones " are actually seperate pieces of soft, flexible cartilage that gradually fuse together as they grow.

New born babies born with 270 to 300 " bones ", an adult skeleton has only 206 bones.

Having multiple, seperate skull bones allows the baby's head to compress slightly.  It helps in natural way of pregnancy.

Flexible spots between skull bones provide room for the brain to expand quickly during infancy.

Pliable skeleton helps the infants to absorb the effect of falls and tumbles while they try to learn crawling and walking.

As the person matures, calcium and other minerals harden the soft cartilage to solid bones.

Similar bone segments grow together to form single, larger and stronger structures. 

This is notable in skull, spine and pelvis regions.

Mulla Naseeruddin and coffee

  One day,  Mulla Naseeruddin went to a coffee shop and ordered coffee.

He sipped it and made a face  !!!

He called the waiter.

Naseeruddin asked the waiter,  "  What's wrong with the coffee  ??  "

Waiter  :  It's the same coffee we serve everyone  .....

Naseeruddin   :    Then why is it cold ??

                                  Did someone drink from it already  ??!!

Why letter 'u' always comes after letter 'q' ??

 I listed out some words starting with ' q'.

In all these words, 'q’ is followed by letter 'u' !!!

Queen  

    Quiet       

          Quit   

                 Quick  

                        Question 

                               Quality 

                                    Acqua

In all these words, letter 'q' is followed by letter 'u'  !!!

Q always never hangs out alone  !!!

Why ' qu  '  happens 

1. It came from Latin .  

In Latin,, q is always followed by u

When English borrowed tonnes of Latin words, we kept the spelling.

2.  English was influenced by French too  !!! 

      As French also used same letters, English just     k   e   p  t  it .

 

U  follows   Q  because  Roman and French people did it first..

We just kept the habit  !!!

We don't really use Q alone .  It feels wrong to us.

Q always brings U, thats how we learnt it  !!!

It is just a spelling habit, that we inherited   !!!

Bheja Fry question

  Question 

How many times in a day will the hour hand minute hand exactly coincide with each other ??

Answer 

Although it seems like it should be 24 times in a 24 hour clock, they coincide only 22 times during a 24 hour period   !!!

It's because the minute hand moves faster than the hour hand.

In a 12  hour period, the minute hand completes 12 rounds, while the hour hand completes only one  !!!

This means they overlap only 11 times during those 12 hours.

So, for 24 hours, that makes 22 times !!!

Which island belongs to 2 countries ???

 Some islands are divided between 2 countries. These islands share borders that seperate one nation from another while sharing the same landmass !!!

These are governed by different governments on same island..

One of such island is belongs to 2 countries. It is located in Caribbean sea and is one of the largest island in that region.

Western part of island is occupied by Haiti while eastern part belongs to Dominican Republic. 

Each part has its own government, language and culture even though they are in same island  !!!

Island        HISPANIOLA   .,...

It is the second largest island in Caribbean and largest island shared by 2 countries.

Haitian part of island uses French and Dominican Republic part uses Spanish  !!!

Why we must not use the same cooking oil over and over again ??i

  We Indians have the habit of using the same cooking oil that we used to fry poories in the morning,

Same cooking oil we use to fry papads as the evening snack  !!!!

                            STOP  !!!

Using the same cooking oil repeatedly can be harmful. 

Oil becomes oxidized, leading to free radical formation. This can cause cell damage and inflammation.

Oil could become ruffled with impurities affecting food taste and quality.

Some oils have low smoke points .  They break down when they are reheated.

This can lead to serious health issues.

It is best to use fresh oil for each cooking session.

Kids are always kids !!!

 Yesterday night was the FIFA worldcup final match between Spain and Argentina.

By now, everyone has come to know that Spain has become the champions     !!!!

Yesterday at 7 pm, my nephew Aniruddha had called me.

Me  :  Aniruddha, tonight is the final football match between Spain and Argentina  !!!

Aniruddha  :  Yes  ......

Me  :  Who do you think will win the match  ??

Aniruddha  :  It is going to be Spain   !!!!

Me :  Why Spain ??   Argentina are also the hot favourites.....

Aniruddha  :  Argentina were the last time champion.  So this time, its Spain  !!!!!

Me : What's this logic ??!!  

          If a team plays well, that team would be champions for second time also.

          Messi would cast his magic this time.

           Argentina would be champions this time  !!!

Aniruddha  :   Stats say, only two teams have won back to back worldcup.

                           That too, long back.....

                            Italy in 1934 and  1938     and  Brazil in 1958 and 1962.

                            Then no one has won back to back worldcups.

Me  :   Stats are there to break !!!

            This time, Argentina would break the jinx

Aniruddha :   By tomorrow morning, we would come to know the result 

                         I strongly believe Spain are going to be champions  !!!

Me  :  Let's wait and watch .....

Aniruddha and stats were right !!!

Argentina lost and Spain have become new champions    !!!

Countries with militarized economics

  Militarized economy  usually means a country where defense is a large share of GDP.

In other words, defense industry is a core part of national economy.

Military burden  --  %ge of GDP 

1.  Ukraine      -----    40% of GDP

2.  Israel           -----    8.8%

3.   Algeria         -----    8.0%

4.  Saudi Arabia   ---  7.3%

5.  Russia           ------        7.1%

6.   Poland        ----        4.9%

The language of cats

Cats communicate through a quiet, layered language made up of movement, sound, posture and timing.

1.  Human directed meows

           Meowing is a sound cats mainly developed to communicate with humans.

           Cats learned that humans respond to meowing. Cats know that humans respond quickly to meowing  !!!

2.  Individual vocabularies 

Not all meows mean the same thing  !!!

A short, high pitched meow often signals greeting or mild request.

A long drawn out meow expresses frustration or insistence.

Rapid meow expresses excitement or urgency.

3.  Purring under stress 

               Purring often means comfort and contentment. Cats also purr when they are anxious, injured or unwell.

4.  Tail positions 

A tail held upright usually means confidence or friendliness.

Slowly swaying tail means focus or mild irritation.

Fast, sharp tail movements indicate   overstimulated and may react.

5.  Ear positions 

Forward facing ears suggest curiosity or interest.

Sideways ears indicate uncertainty.

Flattened ears  pressed back against head are a clear warning sign.

6.  Whisker radar 

When whiskers are curved, cat is calm.

When whiskers are pushed forward, cat is alert or hunting.

When pulled tightly against the face, cat is stressed or fearful.

Why are fighter jets painted grey ??

  Fighter jes are painted grey because of several reasons.

1.  Visual camouflage

                     Fighter jets are painted grey because the colour closely matches with sky and clouds at different altitudes.

                      This camouflage helps jets  blend into the  background making it tough for enemies to spot them with naked eye.

2.  Reducing radar signature 

                   Modern grey paint on jets often contains materials that absorb rador waves. 

                  This rador absorbent paint reduces the chace of getting detected by enemy radars

4. Heat and light management 

                Using grey colour paint reduves the risk of  overheating during long drives.

5. Stealth technology 

                 These fights absorb signals from other rador and infrared materials.     

Why we must not go near a moving train ??

 The main reason is the SUCTION EFFECT !!!

Suction effect created by high speed air movement can pull us towards or even under the train  !!!

Suction effect is also known as Bernoulli's principle.

When a train moves at high speed, it drags layer of air with it. 

According to Bernoulli's principle,  fast moving air between us and train has lower pressure than the still air surrounding us.

This pressure difference creates a net force that can push us towards the moving train   !!!

It can lead to a fatal collision or pulling us into the gap between train and platform.

Watching a fast moving object at close range can cause vertigo.  We may lose our balance and lean or Falk toward the track.

Columbian colonisation

  I am talking about 2 islands situated in Caribbean sea.

These islands are politically part of Columbia,  these islands have distinct history and culture , that often leads to tensions with " colonists Columbia  ".

Here are the reasons  ---

1.  The native population are of African and British Protestant descent.

2.  But Republic of Columbia implemented policies to columbianise the islands.

3.  They started promoting Spanish, Roman Catholicism and mainland migration to solidify its claim against Nicaragua.

4.  People feel close to Nicaragua as they are just 150 km away but far from Columbia which is 750 km away  !!!!1

Islands SAN ANDRES and  PROVIDENTIA view these as " COLUMBIAN COLONIZATION  ".

Why do we snore ??

 Snoring happens  when air can't move smoothly through nose and throat when sleeping.

Airflow vibrates the soft tissues back there and that is the sound we hear when some one is snoring !!!

I will explain what happens   ----

1.  When we fall asleep, muscles in throat and tongue relax.

2.  But if this space gets too narrow, air has to squeeze through faster.

3. Faster air  =  more turbulence = more vibration 

4.  Several things make this space narrow 

         1.  Nasal congestion from cold and allergies 

        2.  Extra tissues from weight gain and large tonsils 

        3.  Tongue falling back because of sleeping on back.

Lying down on back makes the snoring to get louder !!!

Bheja Fry question

  Question 

All mobile numbers in India are 10 digits.

With 10 digit number, how many mobile subscribers can be supported at any time ??

Answer 

In a 10 digit number, each position can be filled by any of 10 digits ( 0 through 9  )

To find the total number, we multiply the number of possibilities for each position.

==>>   10 * 10 * 10 * 10 * 10 * 10 * 10 * 10 * 10 * 10

==>>   10  ^  10

==>>    10 billion    !!!

The mathematical answer is 10 billion.

But in India, we have prefix restrictions.

Mobile numbers must start with digits  9   8    7  or  6.

To find the total combination,

For the first digit, we have only 4 possibilities. They are 6  7  8  or  9.

For second digit to last digit, 10 possibilities each ( from  0  to   9  )

==>>    4  *   10  ^   9

==>>   4  billion  !!!

Which Indian city is known as City of Hundred islands ??

 The city of Hundred Islands is in Rajasthan   !!!

When we think of Rajasthan,  we often think about deserts, forts and rugged terrain.

But in the southernmost part of Rajasthan, a different picture emerges, one of green hills, flowing water and tiny islands scattered across river lake.

This is         BANSWARA     !!!!

The city got its name from how the Mahi river's backwaters spread out.

When the water fills the river basin, it breaks up into many small islands that dot the landscape like green dots on water  !!!

The pattern is especially striking in monsoon months.

Countries with most ultra rich residents

  These people represent a small share of global population.

But they control a significant amount of world's wealth  !!!

Countries with such people are   ------

1.   United stare of America 

2.  China 

3.  Germany 

4.  United Kingdom 

5.  France 

6.   INDIA 

7.  Japan 

8.  Switzerland 

9.  Australia 

10.  Italy 

Why is space dark ??

 Why is space dark if there are so many stars ??

It is known as Olbers' Paradox.

The Universe is expanding 

                 As space stretches, the light from distant stars gets stretched too  !!!  This is called redshift.

                By the time light reaches us, it has turned into infrared or radio waves that our eyes can't see   !!!!

Universe is about 13.8 billion years old.  Light from distanced stars simply hasn't had enough time to reach us yet  !!!

What is Oceania ????

  Oceania is the vast geographic region spanning eastern and western hemisphere.

It covers regions across central and southern Pacific ocean.

It encompasses 14 independent countries alongside several overseas territories controlled by France, United States and United Kingdom 

.

It is home to 45 million people !!!!!

It includes countries like   ---

1.  Micronesia 

2. Polynesia 

3.  Hawaii 

4.  Samoa 

5.  Tonga 

6.  Palau

7.  Kiribati 

8.   Martial Islands 

9.  Australia 

10.  New Zealand 

11.  Papua New Guinea 

12.  Fiji

13.  Solomon Islands 

14.  Vanautu 

15.   Federal States of Micronesia 

16.  Easter Island

Why do humans grow so slowly compared to other animals ??

Humans grow slowly because OUR MASSIVE, COMPLEX BRAIN

 REQUIRES AN ENORMOUS AMOUNT OF ENERGY TO DEVELOPE  !!!

During childhood, brain consumes upto 50 - 60% of total metabolic energy.

Brain needs too much fuel to build neural networks.

Because of this, bodily growth is intentionally slowed down. !!!

For humans, long childhood provides necessary time to learn language, social rules and survival skills.

WHY ANIMALS GROW FASTER  ??

Most animals prioritize physical survival and reproduction over abstract intelligence.

For example,

Animals like horses and deers must run within hours of birth to escape predators. This forces rapid physical development over brain's  !!!

Thats why, human body simply can not afford to develop a large skeleton and a massive brain, at the same time  !!!

Hence our development is longer   !!!

Which is the rarest color on national flags ??

  Only two nations out of 196 nations in the world has this colour on their flags   !!!

The colour is     PURPLE .

Only Nicaragua anf Dominica are the nations which are using this colour on their flags.

Purple dye which is used to make purple colour is very costly. 

Purple dye is derived from a sea snail which is present in limited areas. 

Also, making purple dye is labour intensive and take more than 10000 sea snails to make one gram of dye  !!!

The cost of using purple dye on national flags is very high making it rarest colour on national flags .

Kids are always kids !!!

 FIFA worldcup has come to semifinal stage.  Yesterday me and my nephew Aniruddha was having a discussion about this.

Me  :  Aniruddha, FIFA worldcup has come to semifinal stage  !!!

Aniruddha  :  Yes. Out of 48 countries who were there in the beginning only 4 countries are remaining now.

Me :  You were very confident that Brazil is going to be tlhe champion this time.

            Alas !!! Brazil got knocked out in quarterfinals itself  !!!

Aniruddha : I was just hoping .... They were 5 times champions 

Me :  Anyway, whole scenario got changed.

         Now, who do you think could be the champions  ??

Aniruddha  :  No doubt, its England  !!!

Me  :  My bet is on France ....  I have hopes on Argentina too  !!!

Aniruddha  :   Argentina were last time champions...

                          I don't want Argentina to be the champions this time also   !!!

Me  :   What do you think about my choice ....??

Aniruddha  :  It must be England, otherwise Spain 

                         No other countries....

Me  :  But why England  ??

Aniruddha :  Long ago, England was champion.

                         I want atleast this time they become champion.

                          Same for Spain......

Me :   France became champions in 2018.

           According to your logic ,  France must get a chance.....

Aniruddha :  (  Realising that he was caught in his own words  )

                        I don't want to talk about that   !!!!

Phone call was disconnected ........!!!

Places in the world where lightning strikes most ??

  Almost every place listed below sits, where moist tropical air emconters either steep terrain or warm body of water or both. 

It makes the wind to converge over. Here are such places where lightning strikes more per year. 

1.  Lake Maracaibo  ,  Venezuela

2.  Kabare  , Democratic Republic of Congo

3.  Kampene, Democratic Republic of Congo

4.  Caceres  ,  Columbia

5.  Sake  , Democratic Republic of Congo

6.  Dagar,  Pakistan

7.  El Tarra,  Columbia

8.  Nguti  ,  Cameron

9.  Butembo,  Democratic Republic of Congo

10.  Boende  ,  Democratic Republic of Congo

Why the sky is blue and sunsets turn it red ??

 The sky does not have a colour of its own  !!!

When sunlight enters the atmosphere, tiny gas molecules scatter blue wavelength of light strongly than other colours.

This scattered blue light comes from all directions, our eyes perceive the sky as blue  !!!

Although violet light scatters  more strongly than blue light, our eyes are more sensitive to blue light.

That's why sky looks blue.

When the Sun is high on the sky ,  sunlight travels a shorter distance through the atmosphere before reaching our eyes.

These continue travelling through atmosphere and reach our eyes.

But when the Sun is near the horizon like early in the morning or later in the evening, sunlight must pass through a much thicker layer of air..

At this point, most of violet and blue light are scattered away from our eyesight.

What is remaining is longer wavelength of light i. e. reds, oranges and yelows  !!!

Result  :

Colours of the sky are not coming from Sun itself, but from Earth's atmosphere  !!!

Bheja Fry question

 Question

The ratio between father and son age is 17 : 7.

6 years ago,  the ratio was 3  : 1.

What is the current age of father and son  ?? 

Answer

It is given that present age ratio of father and son is 17 :  7.

Let the age of father  17x

Age of son  7x

It is also given that 6 years ago, the ratio of their age was  7 :  1

Let the age 6 years ago, 

Father  17x  - 6

Son         7x  - 6

. 

Their age ratio  3 :  1

( 17 x  -  6 )  :  (  7 x  - 6  )  =   3 : 1

17 x  - 6              3

--------------     =   -----

7 x  -  6                1

Cross multiplying we get

17  x  -  6  =  3  (  7 x  -  6  ) 

17  x  -   6   =   21  x   -   18

21 x  -  17  x   =  - 6  + 18

4 x  =  12

X  =   3

At present, 

Son's age is   7 x  =  7  ×  3  =  21  years

Father's age is   17  x =  17  ×   3  =  51  years

How do woodpeckers not get a concussion after pecking??

 Woodpeckers don't get headaches after wood pecking  !!!

They don't suffer from concussion.

They don't wear helmets too  !!!

So, what is their secret ??

It is their tongue !!!

Its tongue is incredibly long, really long !!!

It wraps around their entire head like nature's built in shock absorber.

Their skulls act like crash helmets. 

Beak of woodpeckers is specially adapted. It got shock absorbing properties.

Cleanest and polluted ocean in the world

 This survey is based on the number of floating plastic particles. 

Cleanest  ocean  :   South Atlantic Ocean

Second cleanest   :  South Pacific Ocean

Third cleanest  :  Indian Ocean

Now comes, 

Most polluted ocean   :   North Pacific Ocean

Benefits of kneading dough with milk

 In Indian households, women usually knead dough with water.  Even my mother does like that  !!!

But recently in a cookery show, I watched the host kneading dough with milk instead of water  !!!

Benefits of kneading dough with milk instead of water   -------

1.  Using milk in dough adds a mild richness that improves the taste. Slight creaminess adds the flavour  !!!

2. Milk helps to create a softer texture , as its fats and proteins make the dough more tender.

3.  The natural sugars in the milk gives better brown colour when cooking.

4.  Milk improves moisture retention so that dough stay fresh for longer time.

BE CAUTIOUS   ------

1.  Milk burns faster than water.  So it turn the dough brown too fast.

2.  Milk used in dough ferments faster. It can go sour if it is kept in room temperature for long hours.

      Refrigeration is required.

3.  Milk is 87% water. Milk is little heavy compared to water and it is better to use little less.

World's fastest snake

 BLACK MAMBA snake is famous for its incredible speed, powerful neurotoxic venom and intimidating defensive displays.

Despite its name, the snake is not actually black !!!!

Here are some interesting facts   -----

1.  When threatened, snake opens its mouth wide apart as part of defensive display.  

      That time, it reveals the black interior of its mouth.

2.  It is the fastest snake on earth.

3.  They can grow incredibly long  !!!!

4. Their venom attacks the central nervous system.

5.  They are mostly active during the day.

6.  They can raise much of their body off the ground  !!!!

7.   They live much of sub- saharian Africa 

Why do Indian trains have ' X ' mark on last coach ???

 We all have seen the bold "  X  "  mark painted on last coach of the train.

Here are the reasons   ------

1.           Primary reason is to confirm that entire train has passed through a station without any coaches left behind.

               It is perticularly vital during night operations and in areas with low visibility.

2             The absence of '  X  '  on last coach serves as an immediate indicator of an emergency situation.

             This practice helps in   preventing potential accidents and ensures the safety of passengers as well as railway staff.

3.              At night, a blinking tail lamp is attached to the last coach to provide confirmation that the train has passed fully.

4.                 To ensure that '  X   '  is visible under various lighting conditions, railway authorities use various reflective or radium paint. 

                    This enhances the visibility of  ' X '.