How did the name Vaseline petroleum jelly come?

                 How did the name Vaseline petroleum jelly come?

Robert Cheesebrough is the inventor of this jelly.
He was the chemist in Brooklyn , USA who had become an expert in extracting kerosene from cannel oil. He soon realized that petroleum products will. be the fuel source .
He noticed that a colourless wax is collected on the pump rods on the oil wells.  It was gumming up the works until it was removed.
He also observed that oil workers are applying it on a cut instead of a bandage. It helped to stop the bleeding and also helped in curing the wound.
Robert returned to his home and was able to create the clean form of the wax. He called it as " petroleum jelly ".
He started to produce it in large amounts that vessels in his house became full . Then he started to store it in flower vases instead of flowers.
After that , he added the suffix " line " to the word " vase " and he called the wax as " Vaseline petroleum jelly ".

Agent orange

                               Agent orange

Agent orange is not a breed of orange fruit. It is one of the dangerous chemical weapon. The name is the combination of code names for HERBICIDE ORANGE (HO) and AGENT LNX. These are the defoliants used by US military .
It was used in Vietnam war between 1961 to 1971. Many people got killed or maimed and children born with birth defects as a result of its use.
The chemical was given the name of orange because of the colour of barrels in which it has been shipped to Vietnam.
The agent orange program's goal was to defoliate forested and rural land, depriving guerrilla soldiers of Vietnam of their support and food supply.

The origin of the symbol @

                                The origin of the symbol @ 

The symbol is familiar to all of us. The lower case letter a with a circle around it is referred as " at ". It is commonly used in email addresses.
The symbol has different meanings in different languages.
Before it became the symbol for electronic mail , the @ symbol is used to represent the cost or the weight of something.
For ex : If we purchase 6 apples for Rs. 60 , we can write it as apples each @ Rs. 10.
But history tells us some thing else.
Before the invention of printing machine, each word had to be painstakingly transcribed by hand. At that time, people tried a trick. Instead of writing the whole word, people used to find ways to shorten it so that their work will be less.
They invented  this : instead of writing " at " , which is used many times in an article , they used the symbol @ . Because of electronic mail , it is well known to all.

Pineal gland - third eye of man

                        Pineal gland -  third eye of man

The pineal gland which is also called as third eye is a small endocrine gland in vertebrate brain. It produces the hormone melatonin , which affects the modulation of wake/sleep patterns and seasonal functions. Its shape resembles a tiny pine core , hence the name.
The production of melatonin hormone is stimulated by darkness and inhibited by light. Photosensitive cells in the retina of eye detect light and directly signals the central nervous system . Women having monthly periods are also affected by this hormone.
In old days , when there was still darkness because of absence of lamps, women used to get their monthly periods for every no moon day.
This gland is also responsible for sleep patterns. If we lock ourselves in dark room, then also pineal gland can sense the change in small amount of sunlight. But now man has invented lamps which makes dark night to seem like day . Because of this, gland is getting confused between day and night , hence secretion of melatonin hormone is affected.
Because of this , mankind is facing many problems.
Inventions are resulting in health problems.  

Teen murthy bhavan

                                 Teen murthy bhavan

Everyone of us know about teen murti bhavan. It was the residence of our first prime minister Jawahar Lal Nehru.
Now it is a museum. First , it was the residence of a British officer. But after independence, Nehru made it as his residence.
There is a story behind the name of the building. It is called teen murthy bhavan since it is having 3 statues of soldiers.
Before independence, when British were ruling India ; the first world war was fought . British took part in it. So, they have asked for help with Indian kings.
The 3 states had sent their soldiers to battle field on behalf of British army.
They are ---
1 . Junagadh
2. Mysore
3. Hyderabad
All of them have died during the fighting. To remember their sacrifice, 3 statues representing the soldiers of 3 states are installed in the building.

The meaning of getting knowledge

                              The meaning of getting knowledge

Long ago, in a village , there was a teacher. He was running a school and he taught many children . Now those children are in good position. He is getting old. But also, he was running the school and educating the children.
Time dont wait for anyone. Teacher was very sick. By coming to know of it, his students gathered near his house. On meeting the teacher, they started to cry saying that who else will teach them ? Teacher moved by this scene.
Teacher ask them to follow him. Finally they reached a river bank. All stood there without a word. Teacher asked one of his student to fetch the water by giving him a bowl. Student did the work. Teacher distributed the water to everyone.
Bowl is empty now. Teacher again asked another student to fetch the water. After getting the water, he again distributed it among students.
Again he asked another student to fetch the water and after getting water , he again distributed the water. This continued for some time.
Seeing the tiredness on the face of student , teacher smiled  and asked them whether they have understood the lesson ? Students were confused.
Teacher told them " Knowledge is like an ocean. Teacher is just a mean for fetching it like a bowl. He will distribute whatever he knows , to students. But that is not the end. Still there is more to learn. Students can find another way to get that ".
Now students understood the lesson.

Doing our work

                                     Doing our work

Long ago, there was a village. Villagers didnt trust each other nor the outsiders. They were always fighting over small things.
There was a saint living in the village. He wanted to change the villagers. Whenever possible, he was giving lectures to villagers on good conduct.
But villagers were not listening . But saint kept on trying. He didnt skip any opportunity to change the mentality of villagers.
But his efforts were going in vain. One of his followers thought that his master is wasting time. The villagers are not ready to change their mentality.
Finally , he told his opinion near his master. Saint listened to it and said " Even I know , villagers are not listening to my words. But I continued giving lectures. By giving lectures, it always reminds me to go in the correct path. I must be correct , before telling others' faults . I am doing the correct job ."

The origin of word " chemistry "

                                     The origin of word " chemistry "

The word " chemistry " derives from the base word " chemia". It is of Egyptian origin. The story behind this word goes like this -----
In Egypt, river Nile flows. It is the main water source of Egypt. In rainy season, river Nile overflows. In the process, it brings black sand along with it.
As Egyptian civilization is very ancient, they had known of making glass from this black sand.. In Egypt , chemia is the science of matter at the atomic to molecular level, dealing with atoms, crystals etc.  

Most used english words through out the world

                          Most used english words through out the world

English language is widely spoken in most of the countries. But there are exceptions too.
According to my knowledge , there are 2 words which are used widely in world without reference to ( all languages uses them ) language are ---

1. Hello
2. O.K.

These words are there in every language and people too get their meaning quickly.

Which is the first country to declare Christianity as its official religion?

Which is the first country to declare Christianity as its official religion?

I am talking about the first country to declare Christianity as official religion. Its not USA or UK ( Britain ). Not India !
Its Armenia. About 94 % of Armenians consider themselves to be Armenian Christians. Armenia became the first country to declare Christianity as its state religion in 301 AD.
Armenia also has Kurdish population which are mostly Muslim.

Newton's third law of motion

                                   Newton's third law of motion

This law states that ------

For every action , there is equal and opposite action.

Simple example for illustration ---

Whenever objects interact with each other , they exert forces upon each other. When we sit on a chair , we exerts downward force on chair. The chair exerts upward force on our body.
One is action and other is reaction.

Why does a falling ball bounce?

                            Why does a falling ball bounce?

When a ball falls, it is temporarily deformed. Because of elasticity, the ball tends to regain its original shape , for which it it presses the ground and bounces. It is called Newton's third law of motion . It states that For every action , there is equal and opposite action.
But the ball will not bounce to its original height through which it has fallen. In subsequent bounces, this is repeated till the air inside the ball loses its force.
Finally , it rests on floor.

Who composed tune for our national anthem?

                  Who composed tune for our national anthem?

We all sing our national anthem , " Jana Gana Mana " proudly. We all know that it is written by Ravindranath Tagore.
But our national anthem is always having a tune which make all of us to stand up when we hear it. Who composed the tune?
Some say , it is Ravindranath Tagore himself. But the music for present national anthem was composed by Captain Ram Singh Thakur of Netaji led Indian National Army.
Every country have made their national anthem to be sung by 1 minute. Though it is unofficial, each and every country follows it. Our national anthem should be sung in 52 seconds.

The common factor between these countries ...

                           The common factor between these countries ...

These countries share a common factor between them. The countries are ----

1. India
2. Pakistan
3. Bangladesh
4. Sri lanka
5. Israel
6. United Kingdom ( UK )
7. Norway

These countries had woman as their leader in higher position ( president or prime minister ). In the future, some more countries may join the list. Even in Australia , they had woman as prime minister. In Germany, still woman is serving the country.

Be patient

                                 Be patient

A man was experiencing huge losses in his business. To save his face , as he has done more debts , he left the city.
He reached a village . He was hungry and thirsty. He was lying on road , unable to walk further. A passer by saw him and asked the man to come to his house.
As man was new to village, man followed the passer by. They soon reached the house. It was getting late in the night.
Passer by asked the man to sleep and he stepped outside the house , carrying the bag. Before leaving, he said to himself " Dont worry. Today , you will get some thing . Just try !" 
Man who was lying down , soon realized that the passer by must be a thief. His guess was right. But he didnt ask anything .
Thief returned home empty hand when Sun had rised. But he was not at all worried. He spent the day happily by chatting with the man.
Again night came. Again thief prepared to go. Again he said the same words to himself. But when he returned, he was empty handed.
This continued for many days. But thief didnt loose hope. But one day , when he returned he carried 2 bags with him.
By seeing all these, man had learnt a lesson " We must continue trying , if we fail in doing one task. One day , we will surely succeed. Just we have to be patient ".

ಪಾಲ್ - ಪಾಯಸ ಮಾಡುವ ವಿಧಾನ

                            ಪಾಲ್ - ಪಾಯಸ ಮಾಡುವ ವಿಧಾನ 

ಮೊದಲಿಗೆ ೧ ಕಪ್ ನಷ್ಟು ಹಾಲನ್ನು ಕುದಿಯಲು ಇಡಬೇಕು . ನಂತರ ರುಚಿಗೆ ತಕ್ಕಷ್ಟು ಸಕ್ಕರೆಯನ್ನು ಸೇರಿಸಬೇಕು . ಈಗ ಕುದಿಯುತ್ತಿರುವ ಹಾಲಿಗೆ , ಮೊದಲೇ ಮಿಕ್ಸಿಯಲ್ಲಿ ಪುಡಿ ಮಾಡಿದ ಬಾಸುಮತಿ ಅಕ್ಕಿಯನ್ನು ಸೇರಿಸಿ ಮತ್ತೆ ಕುದಿಸಬೇಕು . ನಂತರ ಇದಕ್ಕೆ ತುಪ್ಪದಲ್ಲಿ ಹುರಿದ ಗೋಡಂಬಿ , ದ್ರಾಕ್ಷಿ ಸೇರಿಸಬೇಕು